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Guinea Pigs - Housing

Proper housing is a major factor in the maintenance of healthy guinea pigs. Their well-being must be the primary consideration. Guinea pigs can be housed in enclosures made of wire, stainless steel, durable plastic, or glass. The last 3 materials are preferable as they resist corrosion. Wood and similar materials should not be used in the construction of Guinea Pig cages as they absorb moisture and are difficult to clean plus they cannot withstand the gnawing habit. The cage must be built to prevent escape, must be free of sharp edges and other potential hazards.

The enclosure must be large enough to allow normal activities. One reference recommends at least 900 sq.cms of floor area per adult, with half as much again if breeding, should be allowed per animal.

The enclosure can be open at the top, provided that its sides are at least 18 cms high. Male guinea pigs require enclosures with sides at least 25 cms high. Males tend to be more determined to escape.

Guinea pigs can be housed on tight wire mesh but we can’t recommend this. The wire mesh allows urine and most faecal pellets to drop through, keeping the bedding and the resident’s cleaner, but guinea pigs housed for long periods on wire can develop serious injuries to the bottoms of their feet. A leg may be broken if it becomes caught up in the mesh.

Cages and enclosures that have solid floor with a good supply of bedding are bes. They should be easy to clean, well lit, and well ventilated but not draughty. Bedding must be dust free, non-toxic, clean and absorbent. Straw, shredded paper or wood shavings are good bedding. Sawdust should be avoided because it tends to stick to the skin areas.

Guinea pigs seem most at home when they are kept in a quiet location, protecting them from needless excitement and other stresses. Loud noises and sudden movements should also be avoided. When startled Guinea Pigs may become completely motionless for a long period of time or they may panic. The panic manifests itself in shrill squealing and erratic running and jumping. A group of guinea pigs may stampede and if enclosed circle erratically, often trampling the younger residents within the enclosure.  The panic reaction also scatters bedding and food, fouling the food and water containers. It is essential that there is safe haven somewhere in the enclosure into which they can retreat when frightened. Enclosures containing barriers also reduce the tendency to stampede.

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